Get the Whitepaper called Post Exploitation using Meterpreter. It goes into detail on how to leverage Metasploit during a penetration test.
You can download it from the following link: https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/download/107733/post-exploitation.pdf
Source: https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/107733/Post-Exploitation-Using-Meterpreter.html