Corsaire White Paper: Application Level Denial Of Service Attacks. Discusses root causes, attack vectors, classes, and more.
You can download it from the following link: https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/download/33381/ApplicationLevelDoSAttacksv06.pdf
Source: https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/33381/ApplicationLevelDoSAttacksv06.pdf.html